1、活塞顶烧穿、活塞局部烧蚀。这可能由于喷油器出现故障导致的，或者点火过早，再就是发动机燃烧压力过大，超负荷运行。
Burn the piston crown, piston local ablation. This may be due to faulty injector cause, or premature ignition, then there are the engine combustion pressure, overload operation.
2、活塞倾斜运行。这是因为曲柄连杆机构中的个别件出现变形、扭曲、不均匀磨损，或曲轴窜动。
Pistons tilt operation. This is because the crank linkage of individual pieces of deformed, distorted, uneven wear, or crank ran.
3、活塞头部损伤。这是因为润滑不良或机油品质不好，再就是可能进气系统出现故障，进入的空气不洁。
Piston head injury. This is bad because of poor lubrication or oil quality, then there might intake system fails, the incoming air is dirty.
4、气门顶撞活塞。这是因为配气相位紊乱，或气门间隙调整不正确。
Contradict the valve piston. This is because with the gas phase disorder, or incorrect valve clearance adjustment.
5、销孔内侧压裂。这是因为供油量过多，点火或供油提前角过大；不适宜的燃油；增压压力过高；超负荷运行等因素引起过大机械负荷将销孔压裂。
Inside of the pin hole fracturing. This is because the amount of excess fuel, ignition or fuel supply advance angle is too large; inappropriate fuel; boost pressure is too high; overload operation and other factors will cause excessive mechanical load pin hole fracturing.

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